Table 1 Overview of included studies
No. | Author (ref) | Year | Country | Collaborative name | Topic | Study aim | Health setting | No. facilities (individuals) in study | Study design | Published | Focus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Amarasingham et al. | 2007 | USA | Keystone Intensive Care Units Project | Central line associated bloodstream infection | Assess correlation between automation and usability of clinical information systems and clinical outcomes. | Intensive care unit | 19 (19) | Uncontrolled before-after | Peer-reviewed | Context |
2 | Ament et al. | 2014 | Netherlands | ERAS (Enhanced Recovery after surgery) | Colonic surgery | Explore strategies for sustaining ERAS | Hospitals | 10 (18) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
3 | Baker et al. | 2018 | Tanzania | EQUIP (Expanded Quality Management using Information Power) | Maternal and newborn health | Investigate how different components of a QIC were understood and experienced by health workers, and contributed to its mechanisms of effect | District hospital, health centre and dispensaries | 13(16) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
4 | Benn et al. | 2009 | UK | Safer Patient Initiative | Patient safety | Understand participants’ perception of impact of the pilot programme | NHS Health Trusts | 4 | Mixed methods: cross-sectional and qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism and implementation |
5 | Benn et al. | 2012 | UK | Safer Patient Initiative | Patient safety | Analyse impact of intervention of safety culture and climate and role of contextual and programme factors in changes. | NHS Health Trusts | 19 [2 merged in 1] (284) | Uncontrolled before-after | Peer-reviewed | Context and implementation |
6 | Burnett et al. | 2009 | UK | Safer Patient Initiative | Patient safety | Analyse perceptions of organisational readiness and its relationship with intervention impact | NHS Health Trusts | 4 (41) | Mixed methods: cross-sectional and qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Context |
7 | Carlhed et al. | 2006 | Sweden | Quality Improvement in Coronary Care | Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) | Evaluate effect of QIC on adherence to AMI guidelines | Hospitals | 19 + 19 controls | Non-randomised controlled before and after | Peer-reviewed | Context |
8 | Carter et al. | 2014 | UK | Stroke 90:10 | Stroke | Explain processes and outcomes of the QIC intervention | Hospitals | 11(32) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
9 | Colbourn et al. | 2013 | Malawi | MaiKhanda | Maternal and newborn health | Evaluate impact and processes of change | Hospitals and health centres | 9 and 29 | Mixed methods: cross-sectional and qualitative | Grey | Context, mechanism and implementation |
10 | Catsambas et al. | 2008 | LMICs various | 35 collaboratives funded by USAID between 2002 - 2007 | Various: Maternal and newborn health, nutrition, HIV/AIDS | Document and evaluate the implementation and results of the Quality Assurance Project | Hospitals and health centres | N/A | External review - multiple projects | Grey | Context, mechanism & implementation |
11 | Dainty et al. | 2013 | Canada | Ontario Intensive Care Units Best Practice Project | Evidence-based care practices in Intensive Care Units | Understand staff perspectives on QIC and hypothesise theoretical constructs that might explain the effect of collaboration | Hospitals | 12 (32) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
12 | Dixon-Woods et al. | 2011 | USA | Keystone ICU Project | Central line associated bloodstream infection | Develop an ex-post theory of the project | Intensive Care Units | n/a | Case description | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
13 | Duckers et al. | 2009 | Netherlands | Better Faster | Patient safety | Test whether consensus on perceived leadership support among physicians influences the relation between physician’s perception and participation. | Hospitals | 8 (864) | Cross-sectional | Peer-reviewed | Context |
14 | Duckers M. et al. | 2009 | Netherlands | Better Faster | Patient safety | Assess relations between conditions for successful implementation, applied changes, perceived success and actual outcomes. | Hospitals | 23 (237) | Cross-sectional | Peer-reviewed | Context, mechanism and implementation |
15 | Duckers M. et al. | 2011 | Netherlands | Better Faster | Patient safety | Describe how the first group of hospitals sustained and disseminated improvements | Hospitals | 8 (8) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
16 | Duckers M. et al. | 2014 | Netherlands | Better Faster | Patient safety | Test whether perceived average project success at QIC level explains dissemination of projects. | Hospitals | 16 (84 out of 148) | Cross-sectional | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
17 | Feldman-Winter et al. | 2016 | USA | Best Fed Beginnings | Breastfeeding | Describe collaborative and present lessons learned from implementation. | Hospitals | 89(89) | Case description | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism and implementation |
18 | Horbar et al. | 2003 | USA | Vermont Oxford Network Newborn Intensive Care Units /Q 2000 | Quality and safety of neonatal intensive care | Describe collaborative and present implementation strategy. | Hospitals | Case description | Peer-reviewed | Context, mechanism and implementation | |
19 | Jaribu et al. | 2016 | Tanzania | INSIST | Maternal and newborn health | Describe health workers’ perceptions of a QIC intervention | Health centres and dispensaries | 11 (15) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
20 | Linnander et al. | 2016 | Ethiopia | Ethiopian Hospital Alliance for Quality | Patient satisfaction with hospital care | Analyse impact of QIC | Hospitals | 68 | Cross-sectional and uncontrolled before - after | Peer-reviewed | Context and implementation |
21 | Marquez et al. | 2014 | 38 LMICs | Health Care Improvement Project | various | Document and evaluate the implementation and results of the Health Care Improvement project | various | N/A | External review - multiple projects | Grey | Context, mechanism and implementation |
22 | McInnes et al. | 2007 | USA | HIV collaborative under HRSA/HAB | HIV/AIDS | Assess whether participation in QIC changes care processes, systems and organisation of outpatient HIV clinics | HIV clinics | 52 (104) Intervention and 35 (90) Controls from non QIC sites. | Non-randomised controlled before and after | Peer-reviewed | Context |
23 | Mills and Weeks | 2004 | USA | 5 Veteran Health Association collaboratives between 1999 - 2001 | Various | To identify the organisational, interpersonal and systemic characteristics of successful improvement teams | Hospitals | 134 medical QITs in 5 BTS collaboratives | Uncontrolled before – after | Peer-reviewed | Context and implementation |
24 | Nembhard | 2008 | USA | 4 collaboratives supported by IHI | Efficiency in primary care; complications in ICUs; reducing adverse drug events; reducing surgical site infections | Understand participants’ views of the relative helpfulness of various features of QICs | Hospitals | 53 teams (217) | Mixed methods: cross-sectional and qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
25 | Nembhard | 2012 | USA | 4 collaboratives supported by IHI | as above | Study the use of interorganizational learning activities as an explanation of mixed performance among collaborative participants | Hospitals | 52 teams (48 hospitals) | Cross-sectional | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
26 | Osibo et al. | 2017 | Nigeria | Lafiyan Jikin Mata | HIV/AIDS | Discuss lessons learned from QIC implementation and analyse effect of QIC activities on process indicators. | Hospitals and PHC centres | 32 (16 intervention + 16 controls) | Mixed methods: UBA and qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism and implementation |
27 | Parand et al. | 2012 | UK | Safer Patient Initiative | Patient safety | Identify strategies to facilitate the sustainability of the QIC | NHS Health Trusts | 20 (35) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism and implementation |
28 | Pinto et al. | 2011 | UK | Safer Patient Initiative | Patient safety | Evaluate influence of various factors on the perceived impact of QIC | NHS Health Trusts | 20 (635) | Cross-sectional | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |
29 | Rahimzai et al. | 2014 | Afghanistan | Maternal and Newborn Health Facility Demonstration Improvement Collaborative | Maternal and newborn health | Document implementation and describe results of a QIC project | Provincial hospitals, health centres and posts in provinces + large referral hospitals in Kabul | Participating facilities in “Demonstration wave”: 25 in provinces and 6 in Kabul: Wave 1–2: additional 6 facilities. | Case description | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism and implementation |
30 | Schouten et al. | 2008 | Netherlands | Stroke Collaborative I | Stroke | Explore effects of QIC and determinants of success | Stroke services | 23 | Cross-sectional and before - after with reference group | Peer-reviewed | Context |
31 | Sodzi-Tettey et al. | 2013 | Ghana | Project Fives Alive! | Maternal and newborn health | Document implementation, describe results and lessons learned of a QIC project | Hospitals (district and regional) and health centres | N/A | Case description | Grey | Context, mechanism and implementation |
32 | Stone et al. | 2016 | USA | California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative | Breastfeeding | Assess factors that that affect sustained improvement following participation. | NICUs | 6 (n/s) | Qualitative | Peer-reviewed | Mechanism |