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Table 1 Summary of study characteristics (n = 16 studies)a

From: Audit and feedback to improve laboratory test and transfusion ordering in critical care: a systematic review

 

Number of studies (%)

  

Number of studies (%)

Clinical behavior targeted

  

Country

 

 Laboratory test ordering

8 (50.0%)

 

    USA

9 (56.3%)

 Multiple, miscellaneous or unspecified tests

3 (18.8%)

 

    Canada

2 (12.5%)

 ABG

2 (12.5%)

 

    Finland

1 (6.3%)

 Lactate and blood cultures

1 (6.3%)

 

    Germany

1 (6.3%)

 Superficial cultures

1 (6.3%)

 

    Israel

1 (6.3%)

 Blood work

1 (6.3%)

 

    The Netherlands

1 (6.3%)

 Transfusion ordering

10 (62.5%)

 

    Switzerland

1 (6.3%)

 RBCs

6 (37.5%)

 

Number of sites

 FP/FFP

3 (18.8%)

 

    Single centre, single ICU study

9 (56.3%)

 All (RBC, FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitate)

1 (6.3%)

 

    Single centre, multi-ICU study

4 (25.0%)

Study design

 

    Multicentre study

2 (12.5%)

    Uncontrolled before after

13 (81.3%)

 

    Single centre, # ICUs unclear

1 (6.3%)

    Cluster randomized controlled trial

1 (6.3%)

 

Hospital type

    Controlled clinical trialb

1 (6.3%)

 

    Teaching

11 (68.8%)

    Controlled before after

1 (6.3%)

 

Not reported

3 (18.8%)

Data collection

 

    Other: Veteran’s Administration Medical Centre

1 (6.3%)

    Prospective

5 (31.3%)

 

ICU type

    Retrospective

4 (25.0%)

 

    Surgical

2 (12.5%)

    Mixed

3 (18.8%)

 

    Neonatal

2 (12.5%)

    Unclear

4 (25%)

 

    Cardiac surgery

3 (18.8%)

Funding

 

    Neurosurgical

1 (6.3%)

    Not reported

8 (50%)

 

    Medical

1 (6.3%)

    Government grant

4 (25%)

 

    Mixed patient population

2 (12.5%)

    Institutionalc and non-profit grants

2 (12.5%)

 

    Multiple types of ICUs

3 (18.8%)

    Institutionalc

1 (6.3%)

 

    Not specified

2 (12.5%)

    No funding

1 (6.3%)

   
  1. ABG arterial blood gas, FP frozen plasma, FFP fresh frozen plasma, ICU intensive care unit, RBC red blood cell
  2. aProportions were calculated for the 16 studies, rather than the 17 publications. Totals may be slightly greater or less than 100% due to rounding
  3. bThe control group was another type of A&F
  4. c“Institution” refers to both hospitals and academic institutions