Table 2 Defining sustainment

After a defined period of time, the program, clinical intervention, and/or implementation strategies continue to be delivered

n = 17

Individual behavior change (provider and patient level) is maintained continuing to produce benefits for individuals or systems

n = 4

No definition of sustainment provided

n = 2

Retention of interventionists and clinic staff (staff retention as a marker of sustainment)

n = 1

Maintenance of core treatment elements (by providers) following the end of the implementation support period

n = 1

Services are maintained after the termination of major financial, managerial, and technical assistance from an external donor

n = 1